Vigorous exercise can slow Parkinson's
Geoffrey Rogers knew he felt better after hitting the treadmill.
"When I would finish one of the session there would be a calmness. The tremor would be calm," said Rogers, a 69-year-old Parkinson's patient.
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Rogers was part of a study released Monday that showed intense exercise can slow the progression of Parkinson’s — enough so patients can notice the difference.
It’s the latest study to show that exercise benefits patients with Parkinson’s, and in this case, shows that patients shouldn't be shy about pushing themselves and getting sweaty.
In fact, the harder they pushed, the better they did, the team reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association’s JAMA Neurology.
"We gave them a proper workout," said Daniel Corcos, a professor of physical therapy at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, who helped lead the study.
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"If you have Parkinson's disease and you want to delay the progression of your symptoms, you should exercise three times a week with your heart rate between 80 to 85 percent maximum. It is that simple.”
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Rogers pushed himself four to six times a week as part of the study, cranking up the incline on his home treadmill and walking hard. Afterwards, the tremor that is one of the hallmarks of Parkinson's would subside for a while, he said.
"It might last 20 minutes or more. It’s not a cure; it’s a way to manage the symptoms," Rogers told NBC News.
It’s clear that exercise is good for Parkinson’s patients, said Dr. Lisa Shulman, who does her own experiments on exercise and Parkinson’s at the University of Maryland School of Medicine
“The evidence is really very strong at this point. There is sufficient evidence now to warrant a general recommendation,” said Shulman, who was not involved in this study.
Parkinson’s symptoms include tremor, rigid muscles and problems with movement. While early treatment can delay the worst symptoms, people almost always get worse. About 60,000 Americans are diagnosed with Parkinson's disease each year and about a million Americans have Parkinson’s now.
No medical therapy can cure Parkinson’s and while exercise was always shown to help people feel better, it was not generally accepted as a true therapy until recently.
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Now teams are trying to find out how much exercise helps and just which symptoms it affects. Doctors say they’d be thrilled just to slow the inevitable worsening of the disease and if they can freeze progression or reverse symptoms, that would be a home run.
Corcos and colleagues say the most intense exercise appears to have at least temporarily frozen symptoms in many of their volunteers.
"The earlier in the disease you intervene, the more likely it is you can prevent the progression of the disease," Corcos said in a statement.
"We delayed worsening of symptoms for six months,” he added. “Whether we can prevent progression any longer than six months will require further study."
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They worked with 128 patients with early stage Parkinson’s. They randomly assigned them to either moderate exercise four days a week, intense exercise four days a week, or no additional exercise.
It’s important to randomly assign people, because it’s possible people who voluntarily exercise more or harder also have different symptoms or less severe disease.
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The vigorous exercise group were pushed on a treadmill, with the researchers increasing speed and incline until the volunteers were at 80 to 85 percent of their aerobic capacity, meaning they were breathing hard and probably sweating. Rogers was assigned to this group.
"This is not mild stretching. This is high intensity,” Corcos said.
They were trained at the hospital, and then sent home to exercise as part of their daily lives and asked to send their data to the researchers.